Harbor:Sepsis antibiotics

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• Severe Sepsis
  • Comm. Acquired
    • Ceftriaxone 1 g IV
    • Vancomycin 1 g IV
    • Gentamicin 5mg/kg
    • Metronidazole 500mg g IV
  • Health Care Associated
    • Cefepime 2 g IV
    • Vancomycin 1 g IV
    • Gentamicin 5-7 mg/kg
    • Metronidazole 500mg g IV
• Septic Shock
  • Comm. Acquired
    • Ceftriaxone 1 g IV
    • Vancomycin 1 g IV
    • Gentamicin 5mg/kg
    • Metronidazole 500mg g IV
  • Health Care Associated
    • Meropenem 2 g IV
    • Vancomycin 1 g IV

Pneumonia

Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

MCC by S. pneumoniae. In young must cover for mycoplasma and other atypicals. See Pneumonia (Pathogens)

Treatment based on Pneumonia (Port Score)

• Mild/outpatient PNA(Port I/II):
  • Macrolide or doxycycline alone (Save quinolone for sicker pts):
    • Azithromycin 500mg PO Qday x 5 days OR
    • Clarithromycin 500mg PO BID x 5 days OR
    • Doxycycline 100mg PO BID x 7 days
• Hospitalized ward patients (PORT III):
  • Beta-lactam + macrolide OR doxycycline (quinolone ok, but save for sick pt):
    • Ceftriaxone 1 gm IV Qday + Azithromycin 500 mg IV Qday OR Doxycycline 100mg IV BID
    • If cephalosporin allergy:
      • Moxifloxacin 400 mg IV Qday OR Levofloxacin 750mg IV Qday
• PCU/ICU pts w/o RF for Pseudomonas or MRSA:
  • Beta-lactam + macrolide OR Quinolone (Save for sick pts if possible). Quinolone monotheraphy not acceptable for these pts:
    • Ceftriaxone 1 gm IV Qday + Azithromycin 500 mg IV Qday OR Levofloxacin 750mg IV Qday
• PCU/ICU pts w/RF for Pseudomonas:
  • Cefepime 2g IV Q8H + Levofloxacin 750mg IV Qday

Healthcare Associated PNA (HCAP) + Hospital Associated PNA (HAP)

HAP occurs if pt develops PNA 2-3 days after hospitalization. HCAP occus in non-hospitalized pt with extensive healthcare contact.

• Mild HAP/HCAP no recent abx exposure:
  • Cefepime 2g IV Q8H +/- Clindamycin 600mg IV OR Metronidazole
• Moderate HAP/HCAP or necrotizing PNA:
  • Add Vancomycin for MRSA
  • If shock, recent ABX, or from SNF/ward:
    • Add Meropenem
• Cephalosporin allergy:
  • Clinda 600 mg IV
  • Cipro 400 mg IV
  • Gentamicin 5-7 mg/kg IV

Abdominal/Pelvic

• Comm. Acquired
  • Ceftriaxone 1 g IV
  • Metronidazole 1.5 g IV
  • Gentamicin 5-7 mg/kg IV
• Healthcare Assoc.
  • Ceftazidime 2 g IV
  • Gentamicin 5 mg/kg IV
  • Metronidazole 1.5 mg IV
• Cephalosporin allergy
  • Cipro 400 mg IV
  • Metronidazole 1.5 g IV
  • Gentamicin 5-7 mg/kg IV

Urosepsis

• Comm. Acquired
  • Ceftriaxone 1 g IV
  • Gentamicin 5-7 mg/kg IV
• Healthcare Assoc.
  • Vancomycin 1 g IV
  • Ceftazidime 1g IV
  • Gentamicin 5-7 mg/kg IV
• Cephalosporin allergy
  • Vancomycin 1g IV
  • Cipro 400 mg IV
  • Gentamicin 5 mg/kg IV

Meningitis (Nl/Community)

• Comm. Acquired
  • Ceftriaxone 2 g IV
  • Add Vancomycin 1 g IV if CSF Results suggest pneumococcal meningitis (for ceftriaxone resistant S. pneumoniae)
  • Add Ampicillin 2g IV Q4H in age >50 years and pregnant
• Cephalosporin allergy
  • Chloramphenicol 1 g IV
  • Vancomycin 1.5g IV

Meningitis (Nl/Post neurosurgical)

• Healthcare Assoc.
  • Vancomycin 1.5 g IV
  • Cefepime 2 g IV
• Cephalosporin allergy
  • Vancomycin 1.5g IV
  • Cipro 400mg IV

Meningitis (Immunocomp)

(Cirrhosis, EtoH, age > 65, steroids, HIV)

• Comm. Acquired
  • Penicillin G 4M Units IV
  • Ceftriaxone 2 g IV
  • Vancomycin 1g IV
• Cephalosporin allergy
  • Chloramphenicol 1g IV
  • Trim/sulfa 10mg/kg IV
  • Vancomycin 1.5g IV

Necrotizing Soft-tissue Infection

• Comm. Acquired/Healthcare Assoc.
  • Vancomycin 1 gm IV
  • Ceftriaxone 1 gm IV
  • Clinda 600 mg IV
  • Consider: Gent 5-7mg/k IV
• Healthcare Assoc.
  • Vancomycin 1g IV
  • Piperacillin/Tazobactam 3.375g IV
  • Clindamycin 600mg IV
• Cephalosporin allergy
  • Vancomycin 1 gm IV
  • Clinda 600 mg IV
  • Cipro 400 mg IV
  • Gentamicin 5-7mg/kg

Neutropenic Fever

• Severe Sepsis
  • Cefepime 2 g IVPB x 1
  • Vancomycin 1 g IVPB x 1
• Septic Shock

See Also

• Initial Antibiotics in Sepsis (Main)
• Antibiotics (Main)
• Sepsis
• Harbor-UCLA Antibiogram