Retinal hemorrhage: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 02:55, 11 December 2016

Background

Due to retinal capillary rupture, can be due to acute or chronic processes
Roth Spots': retinal hemorrhages with white center, seen on fundoscopy
May be asymptomatic, or cause visual loss

Causes

Subacute bacterial endocarditis
Hypertensive retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy
Trauma: nonaccidental trauma (shaken-baby syndrome), intracranial hemorrhage, neonatal birth trauma
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO), Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
Anemia, leukemia, sickle cell anemia
Anoxia
Acute mountain sickness
Carbon monoxide poisoning
Prolonged intubation during anesthesia
Connective tissue disease, SLE
Scurvy, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Preeclampsia
Pentoxifylline
Ocular decompression following trabeculectomy

^[1]^[2]

↑ Ehlers JP, Shah CP. Wills Eye Manual, The: Office and Emergency Room Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
↑ Ling R, James B. White-centred retinal haemorrhages (Roth spots).Postgrad Med J. 1998 Oct;74(876):581-2.

Authors:

[1] Ehlers JP, Shah CP. Wills Eye Manual, The: Office and Emergency Room Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.

[2] Ling R, James B. White-centred retinal haemorrhages (Roth spots).Postgrad Med J. 1998 Oct;74(876):581-2.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Roth Spots''' - retinal hemorrhages with white center
+==Background==
- Pathogenosis - retinal capillary rupture and reparative process (platelet adhesion in center of hemorrhage)
+*Due to retinal capillary rupture, can be due to acute or chronic processes
-Causes
+*''Roth Spots''': retinal hemorrhages with white center, seen on fundoscopy
-* subacute bacterial endocarditis - considered pathognomonic
+*May be asymptomatic, or cause visual loss
-* leukemias
+==Causes==
-* anemia
+*Subacute bacterial [[endocarditis]]
-* anoxia
+*Hypertensive retinopathy
-* sickle cell
+*Diabetic retinopathy
-* connective tissue disease
+*Trauma: [[nonaccidental trauma]] (shaken-baby syndrome), [[intracranial hemorrhage]], neonatal birth trauma
-* scurvy
+*[[Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)]], [[Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)]]
-* systemic lupus erythematosus
+*[[Anemia]], [[leukemia]], sickle cell anemia
-* carbon monoxide poisoning
+*Anoxia
-* prolonged intubation during anesthesia
+*[[Acute mountain sickness]]
-* hypertensive retinopathy
+*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
-* pre-eclampsia
+*Prolonged intubation during anesthesia
-* diabetes
+*[[Connective tissue disease]], [[SLE]]
-* neonatal birth trauma
+*[[Scurvy]], [[Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome]]
-* mothers who have undergone traumatic deliveries
+*[[Preeclampsia]]
-* battered children / shaken baby syndrome
+*[[Pentoxifylline]]
-* intracranial haemorrhage from arteriovenous malformation
+*Ocular decompression following trabeculectomy
-* ocular decompression following trabeculectomy
 <ref>Ehlers JP, Shah CP. Wills Eye Manual, The: Office and Emergency Room Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.</ref><ref>Ling R, James B. White-centred retinal haemorrhages (Roth spots).Postgrad Med J. 1998 Oct;74(876):581-2.</ref>
+[[Category:Ophthalmology]]