Methadone: Difference between revisions
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*[[QTc prolongation]] | *[[QTc prolongation]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Torsades de pointes]] | ||
* | *Respiratory depression/acidosis/arrest | ||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
* | *[[Constipation]] | ||
*[[Nausea/vomiting]] | |||
*Sedation | |||
*[[Dizziness]] | |||
*[[Hypotension]] | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
Revision as of 19:29, 4 October 2023
Administration
- Type: opioid
- Dosage Forms:
- Routes of Administration: oral, IM/subcutaneous
- Common Trade Names:
Adult Dosing
- varies widely due to patient variability in ADME, tolerance, indication
- Usual doses:
- Opioid use disorder, maintenance: 40-120mg/day or higher
- Pain: initial dose 2.5mg TID for opioid naive
Pediatric Dosing
safety/efficacy not established in pediatric patients
- 0.1-0.2mg/kg q6h
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: Category C
- Lactation risk: infant risk minimal
Renal Dosing
- Adult: lower initial starting dose
Hepatic Dosing
- Adult: lower initial starting dose
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- QTc prolongation
- Torsades de pointes
- Respiratory depression/acidosis/arrest
Common
- Constipation
- Nausea/vomiting
- Sedation
- Dizziness
- Hypotension
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 8-59 hours
- Metabolism: mostly hepatic
Mechanism of Action
- synthetic opioid