Prednisone: Difference between revisions
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==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
For all doses of prednisone, it is best given with food. Also, ideally best when given in AM to coincide with natural cortisol release. No need to taper if short course less than 1 week, otherwise consider taper. | For all doses of prednisone, it is best given with food. Also, ideally best when given in AM to coincide with natural cortisol release. No need to taper if short course less than 1 week, otherwise consider taper. | ||
*Corticosteroid-responsive conditions | *Corticosteroid-responsive conditions | ||
5-60mg PO qd | **5-60mg PO qd | ||
Dose varies based on condition | **Dose varies based on condition | ||
*Asthma, acute | *Asthma, acute | ||
40-80 mg/day PO divided qd-bid (most practitioners give 60mg po x 1 to 80-100kg adult) | **40-80 mg/day PO divided qd-bid (most practitioners give 60mg po x 1 to 80-100kg adult) | ||
If patient can tolerate PO, no need to give steroids IV, but if asthma is severe, and bipap / intubation likely, best to keep patient NPO and give methylprednisolone IV | **If patient can tolerate PO, no need to give steroids IV, but if asthma is severe, and bipap / intubation likely, best to keep patient NPO and give methylprednisolone IV | ||
*Adrenal Insufficiency | *Adrenal Insufficiency | ||
4-5mg/ m^2 PO qd | **4-5mg/ m^2 PO qd | ||
Taper dose gradually to d/c when appropriate | **Taper dose gradually to d/c when appropriate | ||
*Multiple Sclerosis, acute exacerbation | *Multiple Sclerosis, acute exacerbation | ||
200mg PO qd x1 week, then 80mg po qod x1 mo | **200mg PO qd x1 week, then 80mg po qod x1 mo | ||
Give with food, also prescribe PPI for gastric protection. Taper dose gradually to d/c | **Give with food, also prescribe PPI for gastric protection. Taper dose gradually to d/c | ||
*Alcoholic Hepatitis, acute | *Alcoholic Hepatitis, acute | ||
40mg PO qd | **40mg PO qd | ||
*PCP, Adjunct tx | *PCP, Adjunct tx | ||
40mg PO bid x5 days, then 40mg PO qd x5 days, then 20mg PO qd x11 days | **40mg PO bid x5 days, then 40mg PO qd x5 days, then 20mg PO qd x11 days | ||
Start w/in 72hrs of antimicrobial tx | **Start w/in 72hrs of antimicrobial tx | ||
Always consider discussion with HIV consultants prior to given steroids, as they will be managing patient in hospital | **Always consider discussion with HIV consultants prior to given steroids, as they will be managing patient in hospital | ||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
Revision as of 16:15, 4 April 2015
General
- Type: Corticosteroids, systemic
- Dosage Forms:1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 5/5ml
- Common Trade Names: Sterapred, Sterapred DS, Rayos
Adult Dosing
For all doses of prednisone, it is best given with food. Also, ideally best when given in AM to coincide with natural cortisol release. No need to taper if short course less than 1 week, otherwise consider taper.
- Corticosteroid-responsive conditions
- 5-60mg PO qd
- Dose varies based on condition
- Asthma, acute
- 40-80 mg/day PO divided qd-bid (most practitioners give 60mg po x 1 to 80-100kg adult)
- If patient can tolerate PO, no need to give steroids IV, but if asthma is severe, and bipap / intubation likely, best to keep patient NPO and give methylprednisolone IV
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- 4-5mg/ m^2 PO qd
- Taper dose gradually to d/c when appropriate
- Multiple Sclerosis, acute exacerbation
- 200mg PO qd x1 week, then 80mg po qod x1 mo
- Give with food, also prescribe PPI for gastric protection. Taper dose gradually to d/c
- Alcoholic Hepatitis, acute
- 40mg PO qd
- PCP, Adjunct tx
- 40mg PO bid x5 days, then 40mg PO qd x5 days, then 20mg PO qd x11 days
- Start w/in 72hrs of antimicrobial tx
- Always consider discussion with HIV consultants prior to given steroids, as they will be managing patient in hospital
Pediatric Dosing
For all doses of prednisone, it is best tolerated with food. Ideally best when given in AM to coincide with natural cortisol release. No need to taper if short course less than 1 week, otherwise consider taper.
- Corticosteroid-responsive conditions
0.05-2mg/kg/day PO divided qd-qid Dose varies based on condition
- Asthma, acute
1-2 mg/day PO divided qd-bid Max 60mg/day If patient can tolerate PO, no need to give steroids IV, but if asthma is severe, and Bipap / intubation likely, best to keep patient NPO and give methylprednisolone IV
- Adrenal Insufficiency
4-5mg/ m^2 PO qd Taper dose gradually to d/c when appropriate
- Nephrotic Syndrome
2mg / kg PO qd Max 80 mg / day. Use for 1st 3 episodes
- PCP, adjunct tx
(children <40kg) 1mg/kg PO bid x5days, then 0.5mg/kg PO bid x5days, then 0.5mg PO qd x 11 days. Start w/in 72 hrs of antimicrobial tx
(Children >40kg)
40mg PO bid x5 days, then 20mg PO bid x5 days, then 20mg PO qd x 11 days. Start w/in 72 hrs of antimicrobial tx
(Adolescents)
40mg PO bid x5 days, then 40mg PO qd x5 days, then 20mg PO qd x 11 days. Start w/in 72 hrs of antimicrobial tx
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: Category C
- Lactation: Probably safe "Limited information in animals and/or humans demonstrates no risk/minimal risk of adverse effects to infant/breast milk production; caution advised" -Epocrates
- Renal Dosing
- Adult - No adjustment
- Pediatric - No adjustment
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult - Not defined
- Pediatric - Not defined
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Systemic fungal infx
- Recent varicella or measles infx
- Caution in TB, immunosuppressed, HTN, CHF, DM, PUD, seizure disorder, psychiatric disorder, osteoporosis,
Adverse Reactions
Serious
Common
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 18-36h (biological) 3.4-3.8h (chemical)
- Metabolism: Liver CYP450; 3A4 substrate. Prodrug is converted to prenisolone
- Excretion: Urine
- Mechanism of Action: Exact mechanism unknown, inhibits inflammatory cytokines, produces multiple glucocorticoid and mineralcorticoid effects