Phentolamine: Difference between revisions
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==Administration== | ==Administration== | ||
*Type: Alpha 1 Blocker; Antidote, Extravasation; Antihypertensive | *Type: [[Alpha 1 Blocker]]; [[Antidote]], Extravasation; [[Antihypertensive]] | ||
*Routes of Administration: IV, IM | *Routes of Administration: IV, IM | ||
*Common Trade Names: OraVerse | *Common Trade Names: OraVerse | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*Pheochromocytomectomy adjunct: 5mg IM/IV q2-4h | *Pheochromocytomectomy adjunct: 5mg IM/IV q2-4h PRN | ||
**Start: 1-2h preop | **Start: 1-2h preop | ||
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**Start: within 12h of extravasation | **Start: within 12h of extravasation | ||
*Hypertensive crisis: 5mg IM/IV q2-4h | *[[Hypertensive crisis]]: 5mg IM/IV q2-4h PRN | ||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*Pheochromocytomectomy adjunct: 1mg IM/IV q2-4h | *Pheochromocytomectomy adjunct: 1mg IM/IV q2-4h PRN | ||
**Start: 1-2h preop | **Start: 1-2h preop | ||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*Pregnancy Risk Factor: C | *[[Drug ratings in pregnancy|Pregnancy Risk]] Factor: C | ||
===Renal Dosing=== | ===Renal Dosing=== | ||
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==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
*Hypersensitivity to phentolamine or components | *Hypersensitivity to phentolamine or components | ||
*MI | *[[MI]] | ||
*CAD | *CAD | ||
*Angina | *Angina | ||
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==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*MI | *[[MI]] | ||
*stroke | *[[stroke]] | ||
*hypotension, severe | *hypotension, severe | ||
*arrhythmias | *[[arrhythmias]] | ||
*PUD | *PUD | ||
*priapism | *[[priapism]] | ||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*tachycardia | *tachycardia | ||
*weakness | *[[weakness]] | ||
*dizziness | *[[dizziness]] | ||
*flushing | *flushing | ||
*orthostatic hypotension | *orthostatic hypotension | ||
*nasal congestion | *nasal congestion | ||
*nausea | *[[nausea]] | ||
*vomiting | *[[vomiting]] | ||
*diarrhea | *[[diarrhea]] | ||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: 19 minutes | *Half-life: 19 minutes | ||
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==Mechanism of Action== | ==Mechanism of Action== | ||
* | *[[alpha 1 Blocker|α antagonist]] | ||
==Indications by Condition== | |||
''The following table is automatically generated from disease/condition pages across WikEM.'' | |||
{{#ask:[[Has DrugName::Phentolamine]] | |||
|?Has Indication=Indication | |||
|?Has Dose=Dose | |||
|?Has Context=Context | |||
|?Has Route=Route | |||
|?Has Population=Population | |||
|format=table | |||
|headers=plain | |||
|mainlabel=- | |||
|sort=Has Indication | |||
|limit=50 | |||
}} | |||
==See Also== | |||
*[[Vasopressors]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<Epocrates, UpToDate> | <Epocrates, UpToDate> | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:56, 20 March 2026
Administration
- Type: Alpha 1 Blocker; Antidote, Extravasation; Antihypertensive
- Routes of Administration: IV, IM
- Common Trade Names: OraVerse
Adult Dosing
- Pheochromocytomectomy adjunct: 5mg IM/IV q2-4h PRN
- Start: 1-2h preop
- Extravasation (norepinephrine-associated): 5-10mg injected into affected area x1
- Start: within 12h of extravasation
- Hypertensive crisis: 5mg IM/IV q2-4h PRN
Pediatric Dosing
- Pheochromocytomectomy adjunct: 1mg IM/IV q2-4h PRN
- Start: 1-2h preop
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Risk Factor: C
Renal Dosing
- No dosing adjustments
Hepatic Dosing
- No dosing adjustments
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to phentolamine or components
- MI
- CAD
- Angina
- Caution if PUD
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- MI
- stroke
- hypotension, severe
- arrhythmias
- PUD
- priapism
Common
- tachycardia
- weakness
- dizziness
- flushing
- orthostatic hypotension
- nasal congestion
- nausea
- vomiting
- diarrhea
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 19 minutes
- Metabolism: Urine
- Excretion: CYP450
Mechanism of Action
Indications by Condition
The following table is automatically generated from disease/condition pages across WikEM.
| Indication | Dose | Context | Route | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cocaine toxicity | 2.5-5mg IV | Direct alpha-antagonist for refractory hypertension | IV | Adult |
| Hypertensive emergency | 5-15 mg IV | Pheochromocytoma crisis | IV | Adult |
| Monoamine oxidase inhibitor toxicity | 2.5-5mg IV bolus q10-15min; or infusion 0.2-0.5mg/min | Hypertension, short-acting agent | IV | Adult |
| Pheochromocytoma | 5 mg q2-4hr PRN | Alpha-blocker for hypertensive crisis | IV/IM | Adult |
See Also
References
<Epocrates, UpToDate>