Vitamin K: Difference between revisions
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*IV form has small risk of anaphylaxis, but risks/benefits must be weighed in serious bleeding | *IV form has small risk of anaphylaxis, but risks/benefits must be weighed in serious bleeding | ||
*Type: Vitamin | *Type: Vitamin | ||
*Dosage Forms: 100 mcg; | *Dosage Forms: 100 mcg; 5mg; SC; IM; IV; PO | ||
*Common Trade Names: Generic and Mephyton, K1-1000, Novaplus Vitamin K1 | *Common Trade Names: Generic and Mephyton, K1-1000, Novaplus Vitamin K1 | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
===Vitamin K deficiency hypoprothrombinemia=== | ===[[Vitamin K deficiency]] hypoprothrombinemia=== | ||
*2.5- | *2.5-25mg PO QD PRN | ||
*Max: | *Max: 25mg/dose | ||
=== | ===[[Anticoagulant]]-induced hypoprothrombinemia=== | ||
* | *10mg PO x1 | ||
*Max: | *Max: 25mg/dose | ||
=== | ===[[Warfarin]] stabilization=== | ||
*100 mcg PO | *100 mcg PO QD-bid | ||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
===Neonatal deficiency (hemorrhagic disease of the newborn)=== | ===Neonatal deficiency (hemorrhagic disease of the newborn)=== | ||
* | *1mg SC for avoidance of anaphylaxis (IV), hematoma (IM). FFP for serious cases. | ||
===Vitamin K deficiency hypoprothrombinemia=== | ===Vitamin K deficiency hypoprothrombinemia=== | ||
*2.5- | *2.5-5mg PO QD PRN | ||
===anticoagulant induced hypoprothrombinemia=== | ===anticoagulant induced hypoprothrombinemia=== | ||
*0.5- | *0.5-5mg PO/SC/IM/IV x 1 | ||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
| Line 74: | Line 74: | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
[[Category:FEN]] | |||
Latest revision as of 23:28, 23 September 2019
Disambiguation: See ketamine for street name "vitamin K"
General
- Lasts up to 2 weeks, possibly making anticoagulation post-bleeding risk difficult
- IV form has small risk of anaphylaxis, but risks/benefits must be weighed in serious bleeding
- Type: Vitamin
- Dosage Forms: 100 mcg; 5mg; SC; IM; IV; PO
- Common Trade Names: Generic and Mephyton, K1-1000, Novaplus Vitamin K1
Adult Dosing
Vitamin K deficiency hypoprothrombinemia
- 2.5-25mg PO QD PRN
- Max: 25mg/dose
Anticoagulant-induced hypoprothrombinemia
- 10mg PO x1
- Max: 25mg/dose
Warfarin stabilization
- 100 mcg PO QD-bid
Pediatric Dosing
Neonatal deficiency (hemorrhagic disease of the newborn)
- 1mg SC for avoidance of anaphylaxis (IV), hematoma (IM). FFP for serious cases.
Vitamin K deficiency hypoprothrombinemia
- 2.5-5mg PO QD PRN
anticoagulant induced hypoprothrombinemia
- 0.5-5mg PO/SC/IM/IV x 1
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation risk: Safe
- Renal Dosing
- Adult: not defined
- Pediatric: not defined
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult: adjust dose amount
- Pediatric: adjust dose amount
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- hereditary hypoprothrombinemia
- overanticoagulation due to heparins
- caution in neonates
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- anticoagulant resistance
- hypersensitivity reaction, severe or life-threatening (SC, IM, or IV use)
- anaphylaxis (SC, IM, or IV use)
- hyperbilirubinemia (neonates)
- hemolytic anemia (neonates)
Common
- taste changes (SC, IM, or IV use)
- flushing (SC, IM, or IV use)
- injection site hematoma
- injection site pain
Pharmacology
- Half-life: unknown
- Metabolism: liver, CYP450: unknown
- Excretion: urine, bile
- Mechanism of Action: Used by liver for synthesis of some coagulation factors (II,VII,IX,X,C,S). Timing in the synthesis of these factors impacts reversal of elevated INR (~4 hours: F-VII, ~24 hours: F-II).