Osmolality: Difference between revisions

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==Background==
#REDIRECT [[Osmolal or osmolar gap]]
*Primary determinants are sodium, glucose, BUN, chloride
*Osmolal gap
**When measured minus calculated > 10
**Suggests unmeasured, low molecular weight solutes
***EtOH
***[[Ethylene glycol]]
***[[Methanol]]
***[[Isopropyl alcohol]]
***[[Diethylene glycol]]
***[[Propylene glycol]]
***[[Mannitol]]
***Glycerol
***Smaller gaps possible in:
****Ketoacidosis
****[[Lactic acidosis]]
****[[Chronic kidney disease]]
 
==Values==
*Calculated osmolarity = 2Na + Gluc/18 + BUN/2.8
**Sodium multiplied by two to account for physiologic anions (chloride and bicarbonate)
**Na in mEq/L, Glucose in mg/dL, BUN in mg/dL
**Normal 280-295 mosmol/kg
 
==Sources==
*Emmett M et al. Serum osmolal gap. UpToDate. Aug 25, 2014. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/serum-osmolal-gap.
 
[[Category:FEN]]

Latest revision as of 07:05, 22 March 2026

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