Ketoacidosis: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone Ketones] are an organic compound which contain a carbonyl group, a C=O double bond. | |||
**The human body creates primarily [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92-Hydroxybutyric_acid beta-hydroxybuityric acid] via catabolism of fatty acids in the liver | |||
*Beta-hydroxybutyric acid is a potent intracellular energy source which can be fed directly into the citric acid cycle for production of ATP | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*[[Acidosis]] presents variably depending on the degree and origin of the acidosis | |||
*Ketoacidosis is characterized by the clinical syndrome and/or lab findings of acidosis in the setting of an underlying etiology which involves excessive ketone production | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
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*[[Starvation ketoacidosis]] | *[[Starvation ketoacidosis]] | ||
===Workup=== | ===Workup=== | ||
*Obtain chemistries to determine electrolyte status, anion gap, and bicarbonate levels | |||
*Obtain blood gas to evaluate blood pH to objectively characterize acidosis | |||
*Beta-hydroxybutyrate levels may be obtained to specifically distinguish ketones against other possible causes of acidosis | |||
*Further workup should be guided by specific differential diagnoses | |||
===Diagnosis | ===Diagnosis, Management, and Disposition=== | ||
*Ketoacidosis is generally not a standalone diagnosis; Consider the differentials listed above and evaluate for underlying etiology. | |||
*Management and disposition are determined based on patient condition and the underlying etiology | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 16:54, 23 October 2025
Background
- Ketones are an organic compound which contain a carbonyl group, a C=O double bond.
- The human body creates primarily beta-hydroxybuityric acid via catabolism of fatty acids in the liver
- Beta-hydroxybutyric acid is a potent intracellular energy source which can be fed directly into the citric acid cycle for production of ATP
Clinical Features
- Acidosis presents variably depending on the degree and origin of the acidosis
- Ketoacidosis is characterized by the clinical syndrome and/or lab findings of acidosis in the setting of an underlying etiology which involves excessive ketone production
Differential Diagnosis
Workup
- Obtain chemistries to determine electrolyte status, anion gap, and bicarbonate levels
- Obtain blood gas to evaluate blood pH to objectively characterize acidosis
- Beta-hydroxybutyrate levels may be obtained to specifically distinguish ketones against other possible causes of acidosis
- Further workup should be guided by specific differential diagnoses
Diagnosis, Management, and Disposition
- Ketoacidosis is generally not a standalone diagnosis; Consider the differentials listed above and evaluate for underlying etiology.
- Management and disposition are determined based on patient condition and the underlying etiology