Glucagon: Difference between revisions
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: | *Type: Hyperglycemic, [[antidote]] | ||
*Dosage Forms: | *Dosage Forms: | ||
*Common Trade Names: | *Common Trade Names: GlucaGen | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
=== | ===[[Hypoglycemia]]=== | ||
*1- | *1mg SC/IM/IV x 1 | ||
** | *May repeat q20 min PRN | ||
===[[Beta-blocker toxicity]]<ref name="KernsEMC">Kerns W. Management of beta-adrenergic blocker and calcium channel antagonist toxicity. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2007;25(2):309-331. (Review)</ref> <ref name="BaileyCT">Bailey B (2003). Glucagon in beta-blocker and calcium channel blocker overdoses: a systematic review. Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology, 41 (5), 595-602 PMID: 14514004</ref>=== | |||
*5mg IV bolus over one minute | |||
*Rebolus if no response after 10min | |||
*If effective, start infusion at 2-5mg/hr | |||
===[[Ingested foreign body|Food bolus impaction]]=== | |||
*1mg IV x 1 | |||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
===[[Pediatric hypogylcemia|Hypoglycemia]]=== | |||
*0.03mg/kg IM/SQ/IV x 1 (max = 1mg) | |||
*Alternative | |||
**'''<20kg''': 0.5mg SC/IM/IV x 1 | |||
**'''>20kg''': 1mg SC/IM/IV x 1 | |||
*May repeat q20 min | |||
==Special Populations== | ===[[Beta-blocker toxicity]] <ref name="KernsEMC" /> <ref name="BaileyCT" />=== | ||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: | *50mcg/kg | ||
*Lactation: | *Rebolus if no response after 10min | ||
*If effective, start infusion at 70mcg/kg/hr | |||
==Special Populations<ref>Glucagon: Drug information. UpToDate. www.uptodate.com. Accessed April 2, 2019. </ref>== | |||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: B | |||
*Lactation: Glucagon not absorbed in GI tract so unlikely to cause adverse reactions in infant | |||
*Renal Dosing | *Renal Dosing | ||
**Adult | **Adult | ||
*** Not defined | |||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric | ||
*** Not defined | |||
*Hepatic Dosing | *Hepatic Dosing | ||
**Adult | **Adult | ||
*** Not defined | |||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric | ||
*** Not defined | |||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
*Allergy to class/drug | *Allergy to class/drug | ||
* insulinoma | |||
* pheochromocytoma | |||
==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
* hypersensitivity reaction | |||
* anaphylaxis | |||
* hypotension | |||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
* Nausea and vomiting | |||
* hyperglycemia | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: | *Half-life: IV: 8-18 minutes IM: 45 minutes | ||
*Metabolism: | *Metabolism: Liver, kidney | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: unknown | ||
*Mechanism of Action: | *Mechanism of Action: Stimulates hepatic glycogenolysis. GI smooth muscle relaxent | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | |||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Toxicology]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 20:13, 22 September 2019
General
- Type: Hyperglycemic, antidote
- Dosage Forms:
- Common Trade Names: GlucaGen
Adult Dosing
Hypoglycemia
- 1mg SC/IM/IV x 1
- May repeat q20 min PRN
Beta-blocker toxicity[1] [2]
- 5mg IV bolus over one minute
- Rebolus if no response after 10min
- If effective, start infusion at 2-5mg/hr
Food bolus impaction
- 1mg IV x 1
Pediatric Dosing
Hypoglycemia
- 0.03mg/kg IM/SQ/IV x 1 (max = 1mg)
- Alternative
- <20kg: 0.5mg SC/IM/IV x 1
- >20kg: 1mg SC/IM/IV x 1
- May repeat q20 min
Beta-blocker toxicity [1] [2]
- 50mcg/kg
- Rebolus if no response after 10min
- If effective, start infusion at 70mcg/kg/hr
Special Populations[3]
- Pregnancy Rating: B
- Lactation: Glucagon not absorbed in GI tract so unlikely to cause adverse reactions in infant
- Renal Dosing
- Adult
- Not defined
- Pediatric
- Not defined
- Adult
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult
- Not defined
- Pediatric
- Not defined
- Adult
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- insulinoma
- pheochromocytoma
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- hypersensitivity reaction
- anaphylaxis
- hypotension
Common
- Nausea and vomiting
- hyperglycemia
Pharmacology
- Half-life: IV: 8-18 minutes IM: 45 minutes
- Metabolism: Liver, kidney
- Excretion: unknown
- Mechanism of Action: Stimulates hepatic glycogenolysis. GI smooth muscle relaxent
See Also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kerns W. Management of beta-adrenergic blocker and calcium channel antagonist toxicity. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2007;25(2):309-331. (Review)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bailey B (2003). Glucagon in beta-blocker and calcium channel blocker overdoses: a systematic review. Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology, 41 (5), 595-602 PMID: 14514004
- ↑ Glucagon: Drug information. UpToDate. www.uptodate.com. Accessed April 2, 2019.