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===Categories<ref>2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Executive Summary. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(21):2246-2280.  doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.021</ref>===
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===[[Special:MyLanguage/Atrial fibrillation|Atrial fibrillation]] categories<ref>2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Executive Summary. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(21):2246-2280.  doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.021</ref>=== <!--T:1-->
 
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{| {{table}}
{| {{table}}
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Atrial Fibrillation Category'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Atrial Fibrillation Category'''
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|Nonvalvular||
|Nonvalvular||
*In the absence of rheumatic mitral stenosis, a mechanical or bioprosthetic heart valve, or mitral valve repair.
*In the absence of rheumatic mitral stenosis, a mechanical or bioprosthetic heart valve, or mitral valve repair.
|-
|[[Special:MyLanguage/Atrial fibrillation with RVR|With Rapid Ventricular Response (RVR)]]||
*With persistent ventricular heart rate >100 beats per minute
|}
|}


===Causes===
 
===Causes of atrial fibrillation=== <!--T:3-->
 
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*Cardiac (atrial enlargement)
*Cardiac (atrial enlargement)
**[[Hypertension]]
**[[Special:MyLanguage/Hypertension|Hypertension]]
**[[Ischemic heart disease]]
**[[Special:MyLanguage/Ischemic heart disease|Ischemic heart disease]]
**Rheumatic heart disease
**Rheumatic heart disease
***Valvular heart disease (any lesion that leads to significant stenosis or regurgitation)
***Valvular heart disease (any lesion that leads to significant stenosis or regurgitation)
*Noncardiac (increased automaticity)
*Noncardiac (increased automaticity)
**[[Thyrotoxicosis]]
**[[Special:MyLanguage/Thyrotoxicosis|Thyrotoxicosis]]
**Chronic lung disease
**Chronic lung disease
**[[Pericarditis]]
**[[Special:MyLanguage/Pericarditis|Pericarditis]]
**Ethanol ("holiday heart")
**[[Special:MyLanguage/Ethanol|Ethanol]] ("holiday heart")
**[[Pulmonary embolism]]
**[[Special:MyLanguage/Pulmonary embolism|Pulmonary embolism]]
**[[Pneumonia]]
**[[Special:MyLanguage/Pneumonia|Pneumonia]]
**Drugs ([[cocaine]], [[TCA]], Milk of the Poppy)
**Drugs ([[Special:MyLanguage/cocaine|cocaine]], [[Special:MyLanguage/TCA|TCA]], Milk of the Poppy)
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Latest revision as of 07:50, 20 January 2026

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Atrial fibrillation categories[1]

Atrial Fibrillation Category Definition
Paroxysmal
  • Terminates spontaneously or with intervention within 7 days of onset.
  • Episodes may recur with variable frequency.
Persistent
  • Continuous sustained >7 days
Long-standing persistent
  • Continuous >12 mo in duration.
Permanent
  • Used when the patient and clinician make a joint decision to stop further attempts to restore and/or maintain sinus rhythm.
  • Acceptance represents a therapeutic attitude on the part of the patient and clinician rather than an inherent pathophysiological attribute.
  • May change as symptoms, efficacy of therapeutic interventions, and patient and clinician preferences evolve.
Nonvalvular
  • In the absence of rheumatic mitral stenosis, a mechanical or bioprosthetic heart valve, or mitral valve repair.
With Rapid Ventricular Response (RVR)
  • With persistent ventricular heart rate >100 beats per minute


Causes of atrial fibrillation

  1. ↑ 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Executive Summary. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(21):2246-2280. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.021
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