Atropine: Difference between revisions
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: [[Anticholinergic]] | *Type: [[Anticholinergic]] | ||
* | *Routes of Administration: IV/IM/IO/SC, endotracheal, nebulized, PO, topical/ophthalmic | ||
*Common Trade Names: | *Common Trade Names: Atropine, Atreza, SalTropine, AtroPen, IsoptoAtropine | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
===[[Symptomatic bradyarrhythmia]] or [[AV block]]=== | |||
*0.5 mg IV rapid push q3-5m (max = 0.04 milligram/kg) | |||
===[[Cardiac arrest]] (bradyasystolic)=== | |||
*1mg IV/IM/subQ/endotracheally q3-5m | |||
===[[Organophosphate toxicity]]=== | |||
*1-3mg IV/IM/SC/endotracheally q10-30m, max 3 doses | |||
===[[IBS]], [[PUD]]=== | |||
*0.4-0.6 mg PO or IV/IM/SC q4-6h | |||
===Cycloplegia/mydriasis induction=== | |||
*1-2 drops of 1% solution 1-3 times daily | |||
==Pediatric dosing== | ==Pediatric dosing== | ||
===[[Symptomatic bradyarrhythmia]] or [[AV block]]=== | |||
*0.01-0.03 mg/kg IV/IO q1-2h | |||
===[[Cardiac arrest]] (bradyasystolic)=== | |||
*0.01-0.03 mg/kg IV/IM/subQ/endotracheally | |||
===[[Organophosphate toxicity]]=== | |||
*0.01-0.03 mg/kg IV/IM/subQ/endotracheally | |||
===[[IBS]], [[PUD]]=== | |||
*0.01 mg/kg (max 0.4 mg or 0.3 mg/m2) PO/SC q4-6h | |||
===Cycloplegia/mydriasis induction=== | |||
*1-2 drops of 1% solution 1-3 times daily | |||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
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*Renal Dosing: no adjustment | *Renal Dosing: no adjustment | ||
*Hepatic Dosing: no adjustment | *Hepatic Dosing: no adjustment | ||
*Ineffective in cardiac transplant patients | |||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
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==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*Cardiac dysrhythmia, tachyarrhythmia | *[[Cardiac dysrhythmia]], [[tachyarrhythmia]] | ||
*If given slowly or in amounts <0.5mg, may cause paradoxical bradycardia | *If given slowly or in amounts <0.5mg, may cause paradoxical bradycardia | ||
*Increased O2 consumption | *Increased O2 consumption | ||
*Hypotension | *[[Hypotension]] | ||
*Coma | *[[Coma]] | ||
*Respiratory depression | *Respiratory depression | ||
*Glaucoma | *[[Glaucoma]] | ||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*Constipation, xerostomia | *Constipation, xerostomia | ||
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==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: | *Half-life: 2.5 hrs | ||
*Metabolism: hepatic | *Metabolism: hepatic | ||
*Excretion: renal | *Excretion: renal | ||
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*Parasympatholytic | *Parasympatholytic | ||
**Increases sinus/AV conduction | **Increases sinus/AV conduction | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
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*[[Anticholinergic toxicity]] | *[[Anticholinergic toxicity]] | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:Cardiology]] [[Category:Toxicology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:18, 19 September 2019
General
- Type: Anticholinergic
- Routes of Administration: IV/IM/IO/SC, endotracheal, nebulized, PO, topical/ophthalmic
- Common Trade Names: Atropine, Atreza, SalTropine, AtroPen, IsoptoAtropine
Adult Dosing
Symptomatic bradyarrhythmia or AV block
- 0.5 mg IV rapid push q3-5m (max = 0.04 milligram/kg)
Cardiac arrest (bradyasystolic)
- 1mg IV/IM/subQ/endotracheally q3-5m
Organophosphate toxicity
- 1-3mg IV/IM/SC/endotracheally q10-30m, max 3 doses
IBS, PUD
- 0.4-0.6 mg PO or IV/IM/SC q4-6h
Cycloplegia/mydriasis induction
- 1-2 drops of 1% solution 1-3 times daily
Pediatric dosing
Symptomatic bradyarrhythmia or AV block
- 0.01-0.03 mg/kg IV/IO q1-2h
Cardiac arrest (bradyasystolic)
- 0.01-0.03 mg/kg IV/IM/subQ/endotracheally
Organophosphate toxicity
- 0.01-0.03 mg/kg IV/IM/subQ/endotracheally
IBS, PUD
- 0.01 mg/kg (max 0.4 mg or 0.3 mg/m2) PO/SC q4-6h
Cycloplegia/mydriasis induction
- 1-2 drops of 1% solution 1-3 times daily
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation: Infant risk cannot be ruled out
- Renal Dosing: no adjustment
- Hepatic Dosing: no adjustment
- Ineffective in cardiac transplant patients
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Primary glaucoma or predisposition to narrow anterior chamber angle glaucoma
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Cardiac dysrhythmia, tachyarrhythmia
- If given slowly or in amounts <0.5mg, may cause paradoxical bradycardia
- Increased O2 consumption
- Hypotension
- Coma
- Respiratory depression
- Glaucoma
Common
- Constipation, xerostomia
- Blurred vision, decreased lacrimation, eye pain, photophobia, superficial keratitis
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2.5 hrs
- Metabolism: hepatic
- Excretion: renal
- Onset of action (IV) = 2-4min
- Duration of action (IV) = 5hr
Mechanism of Action
- Parasympatholytic
- Increases sinus/AV conduction