Amphotericin B: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 00:00, 16 July 2016

Amphotericin B is an antifungal agent used to treat severe or disseminated fungal infections (e.g. invasive aspergillosis, cryptoccoccal meningitis, coccidioidomycosis, mucormycosis, fungemia in neutropenic patients). It comes in several formulations; conventional, cholesteryl sulfate complex, lipid complex, and liposomal. It is usually reserved for serious infection due to significant associated toxicities, though the newer formulations tend to be better tolerated.

Administration

Type: Antifungal
Dosage Forms:
Routes of Administration: IV
Common Trade Names: AmBisome, "ampho-terrible"

Adult Dosing

Dosing is NOT interchangeable between different formulations of amphotericin B due to significant variations in pharmacokinetics. Call your institution's pharmacy (or ID) if unsure about correct dose.

Pediatric Dosing

Special Populations

Pregnancy Rating: B
Lactation risk: Infant risk cannot be ruled out

Renal Dosing

Adult:
Pediatric:

Hepatic Dosing

Adult:
Pediatric:

Contraindications

Allergy to class/drug

Adverse Reactions

Serious

Nephrotoxicity/renal failure, hemorrhagic cystitis
Anaphylaxis
Cardiac arrest

Common

Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperglycemia (check BMP at least daily)
Rigors
Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea
Anemia
Rash
Dyspnea
Insomnia

Pharmacology

Half-life: Depends on formulation, 1-14 days
Metabolism: unknown
Excretion:

Mechanism of Action

Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes-> intracellular contents leak out--> cell dies

Comments

References

Authors:

Revision as of 23:51, 15 July 2016 (view source) ClaireLewis (talk \| contribs) No edit summary ← Older edit		Revision as of 00:00, 16 July 2016 (view source) ClaireLewis (talk \| contribs) No edit summary Newer edit →
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	Amphotericin B is an antifungal agent used to treat severe ~~disease, such as~~ invasive aspergillosis, cryptoccoccal meningitis, coccidioidomycosis, ~~and various disseminated fungal infections~~. It comes in several formulations; conventional, cholesteryl sulfate complex, lipid complex, and liposomal. It is usually reserved for serious infection due to significant associated toxicities, though the newer formulations tend to be better tolerated.		Amphotericin B is an antifungal agent used to treat severe or disseminated fungal infections (e.g. invasive aspergillosis, cryptoccoccal meningitis, coccidioidomycosis, mucormycosis, fungemia in neutropenic patients). It comes in several formulations; conventional, cholesteryl sulfate complex, lipid complex, and liposomal. It is usually reserved for serious infection due to significant associated toxicities, though the newer formulations tend to be better tolerated.

	==Administration==		==Administration==