Hydrogen fluoride toxicity: Difference between revisions
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==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*Exposure to HF may result in rapidly progressive or fatal respiratory failure despite minimal external evidence of injury. <ref>JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)</ref> | *Exposure to HF may result in rapidly progressive or fatal [[respiratory failure]] despite minimal external evidence of injury. <ref>JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)</ref> | ||
*Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, or hypoxia; there must be a high level of suspicion for HF inhalation.<ref>JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)</ref> | *Symptoms include [[shortness of breath]], [[cough]], or [[hypoxia]]; there must be a high level of suspicion for HF inhalation.<ref>JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)</ref> | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
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==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*Treatment is supportive. | *Treatment is supportive. | ||
**If hypocalcemia is present, administer nebulized calcium gluconate (1.5 ml of 10% calcium gluconate in 4.5 ml water) q4hr until normalization of serum calcium levels. <ref>JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)</ref> | **If [[hypocalcemia]] is present, administer nebulized [[calcium gluconate]] (1.5 ml of 10% calcium gluconate in 4.5 ml water) q4hr until normalization of serum calcium levels. <ref>JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)</ref> | ||
**In the absence of significant burns, consider steroids if symptoms do not improve. <ref>JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)</ref> | **In the absence of significant burns, consider steroids if symptoms do not improve. <ref>JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)</ref> | ||
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==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
* | *Broncho[[pneumonia]] can develop within a week.<ref>JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)</ref> | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
Revision as of 18:23, 31 December 2019
Background
- Hydrogen fluoride (HF) is a byproduct of standard fire suppression systems.[1]
Clinical Features
- Exposure to HF may result in rapidly progressive or fatal respiratory failure despite minimal external evidence of injury. [2]
- Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, or hypoxia; there must be a high level of suspicion for HF inhalation.[3]
Differential Diagnosis
Burns
- Smoke inhalation injury (airway compromise)
- Chemical injury
- Acrolein
- Hydrochloric acid
- Tuolene diisocyanate
- Nitrogen dioxide
- Systemic chemical injury
- Specific types of burns
- Associated toxicities
Evaluation
Management
- Treatment is supportive.
- If hypocalcemia is present, administer nebulized calcium gluconate (1.5 ml of 10% calcium gluconate in 4.5 ml water) q4hr until normalization of serum calcium levels. [4]
- In the absence of significant burns, consider steroids if symptoms do not improve. [5]
Disposition
Complications
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)
- ↑ JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)
- ↑ JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)
- ↑ JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)
- ↑ JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)
- ↑ JOINT TRAUMA SYSTEM CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE (CPG ID: 12)