Respiratory alkalosis: Difference between revisions

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==Background==
==Background==
==Clinical Features==
*Hyperventilation
==Differential Diagnosis==
*[[Asthma]]
*[[PE]]
*[[DKA]]
*[[Anxiety]]
*[[Hypoxia]]
*early [[Sepsis]]/fever/[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Hyperthyroid]]
*[[Sympathomimetics]]
*[[Aspirin (Salicylate) Toxicity]]
*Progesterone/[[pregnancy]]
*[[hepatic failure|Liver disease]]
*[[CVA]] or other central cause
==Evaluation==
*alkalemia = pH >7.42
*alkalemia = pH >7.42
*respiratory alkalosis = pCO2 <38
*respiratory alkalosis = pCO2 <38
*Cause = hyperventilation
*May lead to [[Hypocalcemia]], [[Hypokalemia]]
*May lead to [[Hypocalcemia]], [[Hypokalemia]]
*Check for a concurrent acid/base disturbance
*Check for a concurrent acid/base disturbance
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**if HCO3 > 24 - (40-pCO2)/10 x 2.5 (+/-1) then there is a primary metabolic alkalosis, or acute respiratory alkalosis without time for metabolic compensation  
**if HCO3 > 24 - (40-pCO2)/10 x 2.5 (+/-1) then there is a primary metabolic alkalosis, or acute respiratory alkalosis without time for metabolic compensation  


==DDX==
==Managment==
#[[Asthma]]
#[[PE]]
#[[DKA]]
#Anxiety
#Hypoxia
#early sepsis/fever/pneumonia
#[[Hyperthyroid]]
#[[Sympathomimetics]]
#[[Aspirin (Salicylate) Toxicity]]
#Progesterone/pregnancy
#Liver dz
#[[CVA]] or other central cause


==See Also==
==See Also==
[[Acid-Base]]
*[[Acid-base disorders]]
 
==Source ==
KAJI 2011
Tintinalli, Kaji 2011


==References==
<references/>
[[Category:FEN]]
[[Category:FEN]]
[[Category:Pulm]]
[[Category:Pulmonary]]
[[Category:Tox]]
[[Category:Toxicology]]

Latest revision as of 16:43, 29 September 2019

Background

Clinical Features

  • Hyperventilation

Differential Diagnosis

Evaluation

  • alkalemia = pH >7.42
  • respiratory alkalosis = pCO2 <38
  • May lead to Hypocalcemia, Hypokalemia
  • Check for a concurrent acid/base disturbance
    • always check for an AG
    • for every 10mm pCO2 <40, HCO3 expected to decrease by 1-3.5 mEq
    • if HCO3 < 24 - (40-pCO2)/10 x 2.5 (+/-1) then there is a superimposed primary metabolic acidosis
    • if HCO3 > 24 - (40-pCO2)/10 x 2.5 (+/-1) then there is a primary metabolic alkalosis, or acute respiratory alkalosis without time for metabolic compensation

Managment

See Also

References