Hypomagnesemia: Difference between revisions
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*[[Hypokalemia]], [[Hypocalcemia]] and [[hypophosphatemia]] are often also present | *[[Hypokalemia]], [[Hypocalcemia]] and [[hypophosphatemia]] are often also present | ||
== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*CNS | *CNS | ||
**Muscle weakness | **Muscle weakness | ||
| Line 21: | Line 21: | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
===Causes of hypomagnesemia=== | |||
*[[ETOH]] | |||
*[[Malnutrition]] | |||
*[[Cirrhosis]] | |||
*[[Pancreatitis]] | |||
*After [[DKA]] | |||
*GI loss (especially [[diarrhea]]) | |||
*Renal wasting | |||
**[[Furosemide]] | |||
**[[Hypophosphatemia]] | |||
*Type 2 [[diabetes mellitus]]<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26696633 Gommers LM, Hoenderop JG, Bindels RJ, de Baaij JH. Hypomagnesemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Vicious Circle? Diabetes. 2016 Jan;65(1):3-13.]</ref> | |||
==Evaluation== | |||
*Magnesium level | |||
*Also check: | |||
**Chemistry | |||
**Phosphate | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
| Line 43: | Line 50: | ||
*Serum level <1.2 | *Serum level <1.2 | ||
**4g [[MgSO4]] IV over 2 hours | **4g [[MgSO4]] IV over 2 hours | ||
==Disposition== | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Electrolyte Abnormalities (Main)]] | *[[Electrolyte Abnormalities (Main)]] | ||
*[[Magnesium]] | *[[Magnesium]] | ||
==External Links== | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:FEN]] | [[Category:FEN]] | ||
Revision as of 22:06, 22 September 2016
Background
- Hypokalemia, Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia are often also present
Clinical Features
- CNS
- GI
- Dysphagia
- Cardiovascular
- CHF
- Dysrhythmias
- Hypotension
- Miscellaneous
Differential Diagnosis
Causes of hypomagnesemia
- ETOH
- Malnutrition
- Cirrhosis
- Pancreatitis
- After DKA
- GI loss (especially diarrhea)
- Renal wasting
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus[1]
Evaluation
- Magnesium level
- Also check:
- Chemistry
- Phosphate
Management
- Serum level >1.7
- No treatment
- Serum level 1.2 - 1.7
- Serum level <1.2
- 4g MgSO4 IV over 2 hours