Ostermayer: Created page with "==General== Type: Is Generation::1st generation Is DrugClass::Cephalosporin Dosage Forms: powder for injection Dosage Strengths: 1g, 2g vial Routes of Administration: IV, IM (IM is painful) Common Trade Names: Keflin ==Adult Dosing== ===General=== Mild-Mod: 500mg-1g IV/IM q4-6h Severe: 1g-2g IV/IM q4h Max: 12g/day (doses up to 2g q4h have been used in life-threatening infections) ===Perioperative Prophylaxis=== *1-2g IV x 1 (administer 30-60 min before..."

2026-01-27T17:26:26Z

Created page with "==General== *Type: Is Generation::1st generation Is DrugClass::Cephalosporin *Dosage Forms: powder for injection *Dosage Strengths: 1g, 2g vial *Routes of Administration: IV, IM (IM is painful) *Common Trade Names: Keflin ==Adult Dosing== ===General=== *Mild-Mod: 500mg-1g IV/IM q4-6h *Severe: 1g-2g IV/IM q4h *Max: 12g/day (doses up to 2g q4h have been used in life-threatening infections) ===Perioperative Prophylaxis=== *1-2g IV x 1 (administer 30-60 min before..."

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==General==
*Type: [[Is Generation::1st generation]] [[Is DrugClass::Cephalosporin]]
*Dosage Forms: powder for injection
*Dosage Strengths: 1g, 2g vial
*Routes of Administration: IV, IM (IM is painful)
*Common Trade Names: Keflin

==Adult Dosing==
===General===
*Mild-Mod: 500mg-1g IV/IM q4-6h
*Severe: 1g-2g IV/IM q4h
*Max: 12g/day (doses up to 2g q4h have been used in life-threatening infections)

===Perioperative Prophylaxis===
*1-2g IV x 1 (administer 30-60 min before skin incision)
*intraoperative redosing: q2-3h

===Respiratory Tract Infection===
*500mg IM/IV q6h

===Skin/Skin Structure Infection===
*500mg IM/IV q6h

==Pediatric Dosing==
===General===
*20-40mg/kg/dose IV/IM q6h
*Max: 12g/day

===Neonatal (<28 Days)===
*Postnatal age <7 days: 20 mg/kg IV q12h
*Postnatal age >7 days (<2000g): 20 mg/kg/dose IV q12h
*Postnatal age >7 days (>2000g): 20 mg/kg/dose IV q8h

==Special Populations==
*Pregnancy: B
*Lactation: Probability of harm is low (excreted in breast milk)
*Renal
**Adult
***CrCl >50: No adjustment
***CrCl 25-50: 1g q6h
***CrCl 10-25: 1g q12h
***CrCl 2-10: 500mg q12h
***CrCl <2: 500mg q24h
***Hemodialysis: Loading dose 1g, then 500mg q24h
***Peritoneal dialysis: 500mg q12h
**Pediatric
***Renal adjustment required; modify interval based on oliguria/anuria.
*Hepatic
**No adjustment usually required

==Contraindications==
*Allergy to class/drug (Cephalosporins)
*History of anaphylaxis to Penicillins

==Adverse Reactions==
===Serious===
*[[Anaphylaxis]]
*[[Stevens-Johnson Syndrome]]
*[[Clostridium difficile]]
*Hemolytic Anemia
*Neutropenia
*Renal failure (historical association with high doses/concurrent aminoglycosides)

===Common===
*Thrombophlebitis (Frequent with IV administration; more common than with Cefazolin)
*[[Nausea and Vomiting]]
*[[Diarrhea]]
*[[Rash]]/Pruritus
*Pain at injection site (IM)
*Eosinophilia

==Pharmacology==
*Half-life: 0.5 - 1 hour (shorter than Cefazolin)
*Metabolism: Hepatic (deacetylation) to active metabolite
*Excretion: Urine
*Mechanism of Action: Bactericidal; inhibits cell wall mucopeptide synthesis

==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy</ref>==
{| class="wikitable"
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Group'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Organism'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Sensitivity'''
|-
| Gram Positive||[[Strep. Group A, B, C, G]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Strep. Pneumoniae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Viridans strep]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||Strep. anginosus gp||X1
|-
| ||[[Enterococcus faecalis]]||R
|-
| ||[[Enterococcus faecium]]||R
|-
| ||[[MSSA]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[MRSA]]||R
|-
| ||[[CA-MRSA]]||R
|-
| ||[[Staph. Epidermidis]]||I
|-
| ||[[C. jeikeium]]||R
|-
| ||[[L. monocytogenes]]||R
|-
| Gram Negatives||[[N. gonorrhoeae]]||X1
|-
| ||[[N. meningitidis]]||R
|-
| ||[[Moraxella catarrhalis]]||I
|-
| ||[[H. influenzae]]||I
|-
| ||[[E. coli]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Klebsiella]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+||R
|-
| ||E coli/Klebsiella KPC+||R
|-
| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC neg||R
|-
| ||[[Serratia]] sp||R
|-
| ||[[Salmonella]] sp||X1
|-
| ||[[Shigella]] sp||X1
|-
| ||[[Proteus mirabilis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Proteus vulgaris]]||R
|-
| ||[[Providencia sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Morganella sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Aeromonas sp]]||R
|-
| ||[[Acinetobacter sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]||R
|-
| ||[[Burkholderia cepacia]]||R
|-
| ||[[Stenotrophomonas maltophilia]]||R
|-
| ||[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]||R
|-
| ||[[Francisella tularensis]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Brucella sp.]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Legionella sp.]]||R
|-
| Misc||[[Chlamydophila sp]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Mycoplasm pneumoniae]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Rickettsia sp]]||X1
|-
| Anaerobes||[[Actinomyces]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Bacteroides fragilis]]||R
|-
| ||[[Prevotella melaninogenica]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Clostridium difficile]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Clostridium (not difficile)]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Fusobacterium necrophorum]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Peptostreptococcus sp.]]||'''S'''
|}

===Key===
{{Template:Antibacterial Spectra Key}}

==See Also==
*[[Antibiotics (Main)]]
*[[Cefazolin]]

==References==
<references/>
*Epocrates
*Sanford Guide

[[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:ID]]

Cefalotin - Revision history