Ostermayer at 17:22, 27 January 2026

2026-01-27T17:22:59Z

Ostermayer: Created page with "== General == * '''Type:''' 1st generation Cephalosporin * '''Dosage Forms:''' Capsule * '''Dosage Strengths:''' 250mg, 500mg * '''Routes of Administration:''' Oral (PO) * '''Common Trade Names:''' Kafocin (Discontinued in many markets), Kefoglycin * '''Note:''' Historically significant but largely replaced by Cephalexin due to Cefaloglycin's poor absorption, low serum levels, and higher incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. == Adult Dosing == === General === * ''..."

2026-01-27T17:09:55Z

Created page with "== General == * '''Type:''' 1st generation Cephalosporin * '''Dosage Forms:''' Capsule * '''Dosage Strengths:''' 250mg, 500mg * '''Routes of Administration:''' Oral (PO) * '''Common Trade Names:''' Kafocin (Discontinued in many markets), Kefoglycin * '''Note:''' Historically significant but largely replaced by Cephalexin due to Cefaloglycin's poor absorption, low serum levels, and higher incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. == Adult Dosing == === General === * ''..."

New page

== General ==
* '''Type:''' 1st generation Cephalosporin
* '''Dosage Forms:''' Capsule
* '''Dosage Strengths:''' 250mg, 500mg
* '''Routes of Administration:''' Oral (PO)
* '''Common Trade Names:''' Kafocin (Discontinued in many markets), Kefoglycin
* '''Note:''' Historically significant but largely replaced by Cephalexin due to Cefaloglycin's poor absorption, low serum levels, and higher incidence of gastrointestinal side effects.

== Adult Dosing ==
=== General ===
* '''Mild-Moderate Infection:''' 250mg PO q6h
* '''Severe Infection:''' 500mg PO q6h
* '''Max:''' 4g/day

=== Urinary Tract Infection ===
* '''Acute/Chronic:''' 250mg – 500mg PO q6h
* Note: Provides adequate concentrations in urine despite low serum levels.

=== Skin and Soft Tissue ===
* 500mg PO q6h

== Pediatric Dosing ==
=== General ===
* '''Usual Dosage:''' 25–50 mg/kg/day PO divided q6h
* '''Severe Infections:''' may increase to effect, not to exceed adult maximums.
* '''Note:''' Not recommended for infants < 1 month.

== Special Populations ==
* '''Pregnancy:''' B
* '''Lactation:''' Excreted in breast milk in low concentrations; use with caution.
* '''Renal'''
** '''Adult'''
*** CrCl >50: Usual regimen
*** CrCl 10-50: Administer q12h
*** CrCl <10: Administer q24h
*** Hemodialysis: Moderately dialyzable; give dose after session.
* '''Hepatic'''
** No specific adjustment defined; caution recommended.

== Contraindications ==
* Hypersensitivity/Allergy to Cephalosporins
* History of immediate anaphylactic reaction to Penicillins

== Adverse Reactions ==
=== Serious ===
* Anaphylaxis
* Angioedema
* Pseudomembranous colitis (''C. difficile'')
* Steven-Johnson Syndrome
* Neutropenia (rare)

=== Common ===
* '''Diarrhea''' (High frequency compared to other cephalosporins)
* Nausea/Vomiting
* Abdominal pain
* Rash/Urticaria
* Vaginitis / Moniliasis
* Dizziness
* Headache

== Pharmacology ==
* '''Absorption:''' Absorbed from GI tract but produces relatively low serum levels compared to Cephalexin.
* '''Half-life:''' ~1.5 hours in normal renal function.
* '''Metabolism:''' partly deacetylated in the body to desacetylcephaloglycin (which is also active).
* '''Excretion:''' Urine (high concentrations).
* '''Mechanism of Action:''' Bactericidal; interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).

== Antibiotic Sensitivities ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Group !! Organism !! Sensitivity
|-
| rowspan="12" | '''Gram Positive'''
| Strep. Group A, B, C, G || '''S'''
|-
| Strep. Pneumoniae || '''S'''
|-
| Viridans strep || '''S'''
|-
| Strep. anginosus gp || X1
|-
| Enterococcus faecalis || R
|-
| Enterococcus faecium || R
|-
| MSSA || '''S'''
|-
| MRSA || R
|-
| CA-MRSA || R
|-
| Staph. Epidermidis || I
|-
| C. jeikeium || R
|-
| L. monocytogenes || R
|-
| rowspan="27" | '''Gram Negatives'''
| N. gonorrhoeae || I
|-
| N. meningitidis || X1
|-
| Moraxella catarrhalis || I
|-
| H. influenzae || R
|-
| E. coli || '''S'''
|-
| Klebsiella sp || '''S'''
|-
| E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+ || R
|-
| E coli/Klebsiella KPC+ || R
|-
| Enterobacter sp, AmpC neg || R
|-
| Enterobacter sp, AmpC pos || R
|-
| Serratia sp || R
|-
| Serratia marcescens || R
|-
| Salmonella sp || I
|-
| Shigella sp || I
|-
| Proteus mirabilis || '''S'''
|-
| Proteus vulgaris || R
|-
| Providencia sp. || R
|-
| Morganella sp. || R
|-
| Citrobacter freundii || R
|-
| Citrobacter diversus || I
|-
| Citrobacter sp. || R
|-
| Aeromonas sp || R
|-
| Acinetobacter sp. || R
|-
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa || R
|-
| Burkholderia cepacia || R
|-
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia || R
|-
| Yersinia enterocolitica || R
|-
| rowspan="6" | '''Additional GN'''
| Francisella tularensis || X1
|-
| Brucella sp. || X1
|-
| Legionella sp. || R
|-
| Pasteurella multocida || I
|-
| Haemophilus ducreyi || X1
|-
| Vibrio vulnificus || X1
|-
| rowspan="4" | '''Misc'''
| Chlamydophila sp || R
|-
| Mycoplasm pneumoniae || R
|-
| Rickettsia sp || R
|-
| Mycobacterium avium || R
|-
| rowspan="7" | '''Anaerobes'''
| Actinomyces || '''S'''
|-
| Bacteroides fragilis || R
|-
| Prevotella melaninogenica || X1
|-
| Clostridium difficile || X1
|-
| Clostridium (not difficile) || I
|-
| Fusobacterium necrophorum || X1
|-
| Peptostreptococcus sp. || '''S'''
|}
'''Note:''' As a first-generation cephalosporin, Cefaloglycin shares a resistance profile almost identical to Cephalexin. "S" indicates Sensitive, "R" indicates Resistant, "I" indicates Intermediate, and "X1" indicates no specific data/reference.

== References ==
* Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
* American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (AHFS Drug Information)
* FDA Approved Labeling (Reference ID: Kafocin)

[[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:ID]]

Cefaloglycin - Revision history

Ostermayer at 17:22, 27 January 2026