View source for Uric acid crystalluria

==Background==
*Common cause of red, pink, or orange urine in neonates
**Occurs mostly in the first week of life, but can occur anytime during infancy 
*Parents often confuse this phenomenon with blood, leading to presentation to ED<ref>Küpeli S, Yurdakök M, Kilinc G, Bilgetekin E. Urinary uric acid levels and discoloration of diapers in healthy neonates. Pediatr Nephrol. 2005 Sep;20(9):1361-2. doi: 10.1007/s00467-005-1934-5. Epub 2005 Jun 8. PMID: 15942785.</ref>
*Often due to dehydration and relative immaturity of kidney's concentrating abilities
**Breastfeeding may increase uric acid crystalluria due to its high protein content, which acidifies urine and promotes urate crystallization 

==Clinical Features==
*Reddish, pink, or orange urine noted in diaper
*History of breast-feeding and/or dehydration
*Baby is otherwise well-appearing (suspect alternate diagnoses if has colicky symptoms or febrile)

[[File:Neonate uric acid crystals.jpg|thumb|Representative characteristic of the red/orange urine]]

==Differential Diagnosis==
*For female neonates, consider withdrawal bleeding due to lack of maternal hormones
*Consider other serious causes, including obstructive uropathies, [[porphyria]], familial/genetic causes of hyperuricemia<ref>1.
Jeng JY, Franz WB. Orange Stains in a Healthy Neonate’s Diaper. Clinical Pediatrics. 2014;53(9):908-910. doi:10.1177/0009922814536777</ref>
*Consider foods or medications: beets, rifampin, multivitamins, pyridium, etc

{{Template:Pediatric hematuria DDX}}

==Evaluation==
===Workup===
*[[UA]]

===Diagnosis===
*Clinical diagnosis

==Management==
*Reassurance
**No further workup indicated, unless alternate causes are suspected

==Disposition==
*Discharge

==See Also==
*[[Abnormally colored urine]]

==External Links==
*[https://www.consultant360.com/articles/pediatric-urology-clinics-reddish-urine-stain-diaper-3-week-old-boy pediatric-urology-clinics-reddish-urine-stain-diaper]

==References==
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[[Category:Pediatrics]]