View source for Cefcapene

==General==
*Type: [[Is Generation::3rd generation]] [[Is DrugClass::Cephalosporin]]
*Dosage Forms: Tablet, Fine Granules
*Dosage Strengths: 75mg, 100mg; 10% Granules (100mg/g)
*Routes of Administration: PO
*Common Trade Names: Flomox

==Adult Dosing==
===General===
*Standard: 100mg PO q8h (TID)
*Refractory/Severe: 150mg PO q8h (TID)
*Administer after meals
*Max: 450-600mg/day

===Respiratory Tract Infections ([[Pneumonia]], Bronchitis)===
*100-150mg PO q8h

===[[UTI]], Uncomplicated (Cystitis)===
*100mg PO q8h

===Skin and Soft Tissue Infection===
*100mg PO q8h

==Pediatric Dosing==
===General===
*Standard: 3mg/kg PO divided q8h (TID)
*Refractory/Severe: May increase to 4.5mg/kg PO q8h
*Administer after meals
*Max: 600mg/day (or adult dose cap)

==Special Populations==
*Pregnancy: Safety not established (Use only if benefit outweighs risk)
*Lactation: Avoid or discontinue nursing (excreted in breast milk)
*Renal
**Adult & Pediatric
***Renal impairment delays excretion and increases serum half-life
***Severe impairment (CrCl < 30): Extend dosing interval (e.g., q12h or q24h) or reduce dose.
***Hemodialysis: Not fully defined, supplement likely required after dialysis.
*Hepatic
**No specific adjustment defined; use with caution.

==Contraindications==
*Allergy to class/drug (Cephalosporins)
*History of anaphylactic shock to any ingredients
*Carnitine deficiency (due to pivoxil group)

==Adverse Reactions==
===Serious===
*[[Anaphylaxis]]
*[[Stevens-Johnson Syndrome]]
*[[Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis]]
*[[Clostridium difficile]] / Pseudomembranous colitis
*Hypocarnitinemia (associated with hypoglycemia and encephalopathy, especially in children)
*Agranulocytosis

===Common===
*[[Diarrhea]] / Loose stools (High incidence)
*[[Abdominal Pain]]
*[[Nausea]]
*[[Rash]] / Eruption
*Gastric discomfort
*Eosinophilia
*Elevation of AST/ALT

==Pharmacology==
*Half-life: 0.8 - 1.3h (Extended in renal failure)
*Metabolism: Hydrolyzed during absorption through intestinal wall to active metabolite (cefcapene); produces pivalic acid
*Excretion: Urine (approx 40% as active metabolite)
*Mechanism of Action: Bactericidal; inhibits cell wall mucopeptide synthesis

==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Japanese Journal of Antibiotics, Flomox Package Insert</ref>==
{| class="wikitable"
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Group'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Organism'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Sensitivity'''
|-
| Gram Positive||[[Strep. Group A, B, C, G]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Strep. Pneumoniae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Viridans strep]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||Strep. anginosus gp||X1
|-
| ||[[Enterococcus faecalis]]||R
|-
| ||[[Enterococcus faecium]]||R
|-
| ||[[MSSA]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[MRSA]]||R
|-
| ||[[CA-MRSA]]||R
|-
| ||[[Staph. Epidermidis]]||I
|-
| ||[[C. jeikeium]]||R
|-
| ||[[L. monocytogenes]]||R
|-
| Gram Negatives||[[N. gonorrhoeae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[N. meningitidis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Moraxella catarrhalis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[H. influenzae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[E. coli]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Klebsiella]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+||R
|-
| ||E coli/Klebsiella KPC+||R
|-
| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC neg||I
|-
| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC pos||R
|-
| ||[[Serratia]] sp||I
|-
| ||Serratia marcescens||I
|-
| ||[[Salmonella]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Shigella]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Proteus mirabilis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Proteus vulgaris]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Providencia sp.]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Morganella sp.]]||I
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter freundii]]||R
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter diversus]]||I
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Aeromonas sp]]||I
|-
| ||[[Acinetobacter sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]||R
|-
| ||[[Burkholderia cepacia]]||R
|-
| ||[[Stenotrophomonas maltophilia]]||R
|-
| ||[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Francisella tularensis]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Brucella sp.]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Legionella sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Pasteurella multocida]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Haemophilus ducreyi]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Vibrio vulnificus]]||X1
|-
| Misc||[[Chlamydophila sp]]||R
|-
| ||[[Mycoplasm pneumoniae]]||R
|-
| ||[[Rickettsia sp]]||R
|-
| ||[[Mycobacterium avium]]||R
|-
| Anaerobes||[[Actinomyces]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Bacteroides fragilis]]||R
|-
| ||[[Prevotella melaninogenica]]||I
|-
| ||[[Clostridium difficile]]||R
|-
| ||[[Clostridium (not difficile)]]||I
|-
| ||[[Fusobacterium necrophorum]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Peptostreptococcus sp.]]||'''S'''
|}

===Key===
{{Template:Antibacterial Spectra Key}}

==See Also==
*[[Antibiotics (Main)]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:ID]]