View source for Peripheral IV placement

==Overview==
* Most common method of obtaining vascular access, may be performed by several members of the healthcare team<ref>Teresa Liu, Y., 2021. How To Do Peripheral Vein Cannulation - Critical Care Medicine - MSD Manual Professional Edition. [online] MSD Manual Professional Edition. Available at: <https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/critical-care-medicine/how-to-do-peripheral-vascular-procedures/how-to-do-peripheral-vein-cannulation> [Accessed 25 June 2021].</ref>
* Typically inserted in the arm (median cubital vein, basilic vein, cephalic vein)
** Alternative sites include forearm, wrist, hand, leg, foot, neck or scalp

==Indications==
* IV fluid administration/blood products
* IV medications
* IV contrast for CT, MRI, or nuclear imaging
* IV nutritional support
* Repeated venous blood sampling

==Contraindications==
* No absolute contraindications
* Avoid infected, injured, or burned extremities if possible

==Equipment Needed==
* Tourniquet
* Transparent dressing (tegaderm)
* Nonsterile gloves
* Antiseptic solution (alcohol prep pad or chlorhexidine)
* 2X2 gauze
* Venous access device (16 gauge, 18 gauge, 20 gauge, etc.)
* Saline or heparin lock
* Tape (paper tape preferred)

==Procedure==
# Prep equipment (open packages for items, prepare tape, prepare saline lock/IV line, identify sharps bin)
# Apply tourniquet proximal to desired site
# Cleanse site with antiseptic solution
# Re-check vein
# Insert needle, bevel up, at 10-30 degree angle, 1-2 cm distal to the desired target
# Advance needle until flash of blood is identified in the cannula
# Push needle forward an additional 2mm, then fix the needle and advance the rest of the catheter.
# Release the tourniquet, apply pressure above insertion site, then remove needle completely
# Dispose needle into sharps bin
# Attach saline lock or IV extension line
# Secure with tegaderm or tape

==Complications==
* Failure to access vein
* Extravasation of fluid/medication
* Arterial Puncture
* [[Thrombophlebitis]] 

==See Also==
* [[Central venous catheterization]]
* [[Intraosseous access]] 

==External Links==
*[https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/critical-care-medicine/how-to-do-peripheral-vascular-procedures/how-to-do-peripheral-vein-cannulation?query=peripheral%20IV Merk Manual - How To Do Peripheral Vein Cannulation]
*[https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/critical-care-medicine/how-to-do-peripheral-vascular-procedures/how-to-do-peripheral-vein-cannulation,-ultrasound-guided?query=peripheral%20IV Merk Manual - How To Do Peripheral Vein Cannulation (Ultrasound-Guided)]
*[https://www.ernursecentral.com/post/5-alternate-iv-access-sites]

===Video===
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==References==
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[[Category:Procedures]]